Thursday, April 24, 2025

My Definition of Science

I posted:
Broadly speaking, science consists of making observations, formulating theories, making prediction probabilities, and then making measurements to reconcile theory with experiment.
All science obeys all four steps, as far as I know.

I criticized many-worlds theory as only obeying the first two. It uses observations and the Schroedinger equation, but does not make predictions or reconcile experiments.

People find that surprising, but it is true. Making a prediction inherently implies that other things do not happen. But many-worlds theory says that all the other possibilities also happen. Probabilities are meaningless in the theory.

Astrology is better at being a science. It uses astronomy observations, has a theory, and makes predictions. It just doesn't reconcile experiments.

Ancient astronomy easily qualifies as science, even though they had flawed ideas about the underlying motions and causes.

Superdeterminism fails all four steps. It does none of them. It is not based on any theory or observations. Its advocates argue that our observations do not even reflect the natural laws, because unseen forces prevent us from testing those laws. If a drug seems to do better than a placebo in a controlled strudy, then it was only because the sicker patients were accidentally put into the placebo group.

String theory does not make predictions or reconcile experiments. Whether it does the first two steps is debatable.

A lot of theoretical physics today has no connection to experiment. An example is theorizing about the interior of a black hole. Or inflation-created universes beyond our horizon.

1 comment:

  1. It's highly probable that it would be the Sun which would highly probably rise highly probably in the East highly probably in the morning highly probably tomorrow.

    [To others: What exactly is the nature of the error here?]

    --Ajit

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